Gulper sharks (Centrophoridae), among the world's most threatened sharks, are listed under CITES Appendix II due to high demand for their liver oil in domestic and international markets. Evidence indicates that utilisation occurs primarily in small-scale fisheries, particularly on Indonesia’s western and southern coasts, with approximately 5,000 tonnes in 2015. In Indonesia, this group of species is increasingly threatened by overfishing, yet our understanding of their fisheries, trade, supply chains, and populations remains limited. To address critical knowledge gaps, we use a social-ecological vulnerability assessment, an approach well suited to data-poor fisheries. We will target key actors in the gulper shark liver oil supply chain, such as fishers, processors, traders, and local leaders in Aceh and West Nusa Tenggara Province. Identifying potential extinction risk factors is essential for assessing the likelihood and magnitude of risk and providing a foundation for developing effective management strategies. By providing a comprehensive baseline assessment, this study seeks to advance understanding of gulper shark fisheries in Indonesia and support future management efforts